For treating infections of the sinus passages, acetylcysteine acts as a mucolytic (medicine that destroys or dissolves mucus). It is used for certain sinus conditions when increased amounts of mucus make breathing difficult. The medication liquefies (thins) or dissolves mucus so that it can drain from the sinus area. It may also have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties as it inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) effects. Acetylcysteine is known to replenish stores of the antioxidant glutathione, which is why it is being studied as a treatment for a variety of conditions.

Acetylcysteine Intranasal Administration

Acetylcysteine for treating sinusitis can be made into a nasal spray or a solution for atomization or nasal irrigation. With atomization, a compact electronic atomizer releases the liquid medication into a mist that gets inhaled into the sinus and nasal cavity regions. This has become one of the most frequently prescribed methods for administering sinus medications.

Research

Regulation of LPS-mediated inflammation in vivo and in vitro by the thiol antioxidant Nacystelyn – American Physiological Society

Effect of N- Acetylcysteine on Nasal Mucociliary Clearance in Chronic Sinusitis – Journal of Otology and Rhinology

Natural Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis – Alternative Medicine Review